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Textiles of Oaxaca
The state of Oaxaca in southern Mexico has a noteworthy tradition of finely crafted textiles, particularly handmade embroidery and woven goods that frequently use a backstrap loom. Oaxaca is home to several different groups of indigenous peoples, each of which has a distinctive textile tradition.
==Construction==
Oaxacan fibers may be hand spun from cotton or locally cultivated silk. Traditional dye sources include ''Purpura pansa'' among the Huave, Chontal, and Mixtec people. The Chontal and Mazatec also utilize cochineal to attain bright red tones.〔Irmgard Weitlaner Johnson, "The Anatomy of a Textile Tradition" in ''The Crafts of Mexico'', Eds. Margarita de Orellana and Alberto Ruy-Sánchez, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, 2004, p. 224.〕
According to Alejandro de Ávila B., founding director of the Ethnobotanical Garden in Oaxaca, the region's biological diversity yields Mexico's greatest variety of fibers and dyes, and "the technical sophistication of Oaxaca's textiles is unparalelled in the country."〔Alejandro de Ávila B., "Weavings that Protect the Soul" in ''The Crafts of Mexico'', Eds. Margarita de Orellana and Alberto Ruy-Sánchez, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, 2004, p. 240.〕
Traditional clothing items among the peoples of Oaxaca include the ''huipil'', a women's blouse constructed from several panels; the ''ceñidor'', a type of sash among the Mazatec; and the ''paño'', a Chinantec head covering. Handcrafted Oaxacan textiles employ plainweave, brocade patterns, gauze weave.〔Johnson, pp. 224, 228-231.〕
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